cmi5 vs SCORM: Key Differences & Which One is Better

Compare cmi5 vs SCORM to find the best fit for next-generation eLearning standards and tracking.

cmi5 and SCORM, two widely used learning standards, serve a similar purpose but differ in several key areas. From structure and content packaging to communication methods, tracking, sequencing, mobile access, offline support, and adoption—each brings unique strengths and limitations.

Understanding these differences helps when developing eLearning content or selecting the right LMS for your organization. Let’s break down cmi5 vs SCORM in detail and find out which fits your training needs best.

What is SCORM?

SCORM stands for Sharable Content Object Reference Model. It came out in 2000 through a U.S. government project called ADL (Advanced Distributed Learning). Think of SCORM as a set of rules that helps online courses talk to learning management systems (LMS) so they work together smoothly.

A SCORM course usually comes in a ZIP file that holds everything—text, quizzes, media, and instructions on how learners move through the material. This setup helps LMS platforms know how to launch, track, and report on training content.

SCORM works through three building blocks:

• Content packaging: Wraps up course files into a single ZIP folder
• Run-time: Opens the course in a browser so learners can use it
• Sequencing: Guides how learners move from one part of the course to the next

Many tools and platforms support SCORM, especially the older SCORM 1.2, which became the go-to version. A newer version, SCORM 2004, came later with some helpful updates.

SCORM 1.2 vs SCORM 2004

Most changes between the two versions feel small, but they do matter:

• Status separation: SCORM 2004 splits “completion” and “success” into two separate results, making tracking more detailed.
• Better interaction tracking: Lessons can now check what learners did earlier and respond (like skipping questions already answered).
• Sequencing control: SCORM 2004 lets course creators set rules for how people move through lessons, such as saving progress or locking content in a set order.

Where SCORM Stands Now

Despite being a bit dated, both SCORM 1.2 and SCORM 2004 still show up in lots of tools and platforms. Many companies stick with it for training, especially when there's already content built in that format.

Reasons To Use SCORM

SCORM continues to help organizations build and deliver eLearning quickly. Some benefits include:

• Simple course building: Tools make it easy to turn PowerPoints or other materials into online training without needing a developer.
• Navigation control: You can set rules like how long someone must stay on a screen or how much time the whole course takes.
• Tool and platform compatibility: Most authoring tools and LMS platforms handle SCORM without any issues.
• Flexible course libraries: SCORM makes it easier to organize and reuse training materials across different tools.
• Mix-and-match content: Courses built in different tools still work together as long as they follow SCORM rules.
• Easy archiving: Outdated training can be stored safely in a ZIP file for future use.

Some Drawbacks

SCORM hasn’t seen updates since 2009, and a few weak spots stand out:

• No offline access: Courses won’t load without a strong internet connection and browser access.
• LMS-only tracking: SCORM can’t track progress outside of a learning management system, so website or app-based training won’t work.
• Outdated tech roots: SCORM started during the Flash era. While modern tools output HTML5 now, some versions feel clunky, especially with rich content like video.
• Limited tracking: SCORM tracks basics like completion, time, and scores—but not much else.
• Basic reports: Insights from SCORM data stay pretty surface-level and can’t dive deep into learner behavior.

What is Replacing SCORM?

SCORM worked great for years, but now better tools exist. SCORM feels old. It only tracks learning inside a browser. It doesn't work well on phones or outside a traditional course.

xAPI is one new option. It tracks learning everywhere—apps, videos, and even real-world tasks. It collects more data than SCORM ever could.

Another option is cmi5. It works with xAPI but adds rules for using it with LMSs. Think of cmi5 as a bridge between xAPI and SCORM. It makes launching and tracking easier. It handles login, works with remote content, and keeps data clear.

Then there’s LTI. It connects learning tools and LMSs. Teachers use it in schools to pull in outside content. It’s not a full SCORM replacement, but it helps everything work together.

Coursebox AI, one of the best SCORM authoring tools, supports both SCORM and LTI. That being said, it works with most systems today. Coursebox builds smart courses fast. It doesn’t use cmi5 yet, but with LTI and other tools, it stays flexible.

SCORM still works, but better options now exist. If you want mobile support, more tracking, or easy connections, try xAPI, cmi5, or LTI. Tools like Coursebox help you move forward without starting over.

Who is it for?

SCORM works well for getting online training up and running without much hassle. It offers a solid base, especially if your team already uses it. But if you're looking for more advanced tracking, modern interactivity, or flexible delivery options, SCORM might feel a bit old-fashioned. When possible, skip version 1.2 and go with SCORM 2004 for more features.

What is cmi5?

cmi5 is a modern eLearning specification that bridges the gap between xAPI and traditional LMS-based learning like SCORM. It was developed by a working group from the Aviation Industry Computer-Based Training Committee (AICC) and finalized under the stewardship of the Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL) initiative.

The purpose of cmi5 is to define how to handle xAPI activities in "launched" scenarios—for example, when playing a course within a learning management system (LMS) environment. It adds structure to xAPI without the bulk and limitations of older standards like SCORM 2004.

cmi5 introduces a file named cmi5.xml, which is similar to a SCORM manifest. It defines a Course Structure in terms of container blocks and Assignable Units (AUs)—the actual pieces of launchable content. These AUs can be embedded in a content package or hosted remotely.

Released for production use in June 2016, cmi5 has steadily gained adoption across LMS platforms and authoring tools.

What is a cmi5 File?

A cmi5 file, named cmi5.xml, is the manifest file used in cmi5 course packages. It outlines:

• The structure of the course in terms of blocks and Assignable Units (AUs)
• Metadata about the content
• Launch parameters for each AU
• Prerequisites and completion rules

The cmi5.xml file enables LMSs to import, launch, and track cmi5 content, much like SCORM’s imsmanifest.xml. It's included in a .zip package or referenced remotely, and it ensures consistent communication between the content and the LMS using xAPI.

cmi5 Today

cmi5 is now supported by many learning platforms and tools. It’s simple and effective in using xAPI with constraints and structure, which removes ambiguity and eases implementation.

In short, cmi5 is the best of both worlds: the flexibility and modern data capabilities of xAPI, combined with the structure of SCORM.

Why Consider cmi5?

cmi5 enhances eLearning deployment and tracking through key features:

• Packaging: Content can be embedded or hosted remotely.
• Launch mechanism: Offers consistent launch behavior and data transmission. It works in browsers, mobile apps, simulators, or even IoT devices.
• Credential handshake: Secure, one-time credential delivery tied to specific sessions with limited permissions.
• Consistent information model: Includes standardized “cmi5 defined” xAPI statements for core learning data like pass/fail, duration, score, and completion.
• Same window launch: Learner content replaces the LMS temporarily and then returns, providing a smoother user experience.
• Distributed content: Content can live anywhere, including mobile apps or remote servers.

Downsides of cmi5

There aren’t any technical limitations inherent to cmi5. The only challenges tend to arise from legacy LMS systems or older content authoring tools that haven’t yet added support for the standard.

Who is it for?

Although cmi5 continues to evolve, it is already a production-ready standard supported by most major authoring tools and several LMSs. Unless legacy compatibility is a driving factor for your organization, cmi5 is a smart, future-ready choice for structured eLearning experiences.

Which LMS Supports cmi5?

Several LMS platforms already support cmi5, especially those that also support xAPI. Here's a summary of known support:

LMSs with native or active cmi5 support:

• SCORM Cloud (via Rustici Software)
• Rustici Engine and Content Controller
• Docebo
• Blackboard (with integrations)
• Moodle (with plugins or integrations)
• Watershed LRS (as a reporting companion)
• Learning Locker (primarily a learning record store (LRS) but used with cmi5-enabled LMSs)
• Cornerstone OnDemand (early adoption stages)

Partial or in-progress support:

• TalentLMS
• SAP SuccessFactors
• Canvas (possible via xAPI integrations and third-party tools)

Many platforms use third-party engines like Rustici’s to add cmi5 support even if it’s not native.

What is the Difference Between SCORM and cmi5?

SCORM and cmi5 both help deliver online learning, but they work differently.

Structure

SCORM uses a fixed setup with courses, modules, and lessons. cmi5 also uses a structured approach but allows more flexibility in organizing learning content.

Content Packaging

Both use ZIP files to package content. SCORM packages include course files in a set format. cmi5 packages can include more details and allow content to be stored in different places, like the cloud or mobile apps.

Communication

SCORM uses a basic method to talk between the course and the SCORM-compliant LMSs. cmi5 uses xAPI, which can handle more complex data and works with many different systems.

Tracking

SCORM tracks simple things like course completion and test scores. cmi5 tracks more details, like how learners interact with the content, their performance, and other custom metrics.

Sequencing

SCORM allows basic control over the order of course content. cmi5 offers more advanced and flexible sequencing options.

Mobile Learning

SCORM supports mobile learning but doesn't track mobile apps well. cmi5 provides better support for mobile learning and can track mobile applications.

Offline Learning

SCORM needs a constant internet connection. cmi5 can handle offline learning by syncing data when the learner is back online.

Adoption

SCORM is widely used and supported by most LMSs. cmi5 is newer and gaining traction but isn't as widely adopted yet.

Closing Thoughts

Now that you have a better understanding of which eLearning standard fits your needs, the next step is to choose the right authoring tool that makes publishing a breeze.

With Coursebox AI, you can easily create and publish courses in any standard—AICC, SCORM 1.2, SCORM 2004, xAPI, or cmi5—all supported right from the start.

Ready to see how it works? Book a demo of Coursebox AI today and discover how it can streamline your eLearning content creation!